Intrastromal corneal ring segments (INTACS) are a minimally invasive solution for reshaping the cornea. Ideal for conditions like keratoconus, they can enhance vision and quality of life for many patients affected by certain corneal irregularities.
Intrastromal corneal ring segments, or INTACS, are tiny plastic implants placed inside the clear front layer of the eye. They can help improve vision for people with certain corneal conditions, especially keratoconus and mild nearsightedness. These inserts offer a minimally invasive option to reshape the cornea and enhance quality of life for suitable patients.
This section explains what INTACS are and how they correct vision.
INTACS are thin, curved rings made of a medical-grade, biocompatible plastic called polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). They are precisely inserted into the cornea’s stroma to flatten and reshape the corneal surface, improving the way light is focused on the retina.
The ring segments exert an outward pressure on the corneal stroma, flattening the steep, cone-shaped bulge characteristic of keratoconus. This structural change reduces irregular astigmatism, improves corneal symmetry, and enhances visual acuity. The effect is adjustable by selecting different ring thicknesses and arc lengths.
INTACS are primarily used for managing keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration by stabilizing and reshaping the cornea. Additionally, they are an option for correcting mild to moderate myopia in patients unsuitable for laser refractive surgery due to thin corneas or dry eyes. Occasionally, INTACS assist in addressing post-LASIK ectasia or irregular astigmatism from corneal scars.
The implants are made from a clear, biocompatible material that minimizes tissue reaction and inflammation. Long-term studies show good tolerance with minimal risk of rejection or significant scarring.
This section covers the characteristics of patients who may benefit from INTACS.
Ideal candidates have mild to moderate keratoconus with clear central corneas and sufficient corneal thickness, typically above 400 microns. INTACS may delay or reduce the need for corneal transplantation by improving vision and corneal stability in these individuals.
Patients with up to about -3.00 diopters of myopia and no significant corneal abnormalities can consider INTACS if they are poor candidates for laser refractive procedures. However, this use is less common as other treatments evolve.
Candidates should generally demonstrate refractive stability for at least 6 to 12 months to ensure the corneal shape will not change drastically after implantation. Rapidly progressing keratoconus patients may require other interventions first.
Applicants should not have active eye infections, severe dry eye disease, autoimmune conditions affecting the eye, or significant corneal scarring. Ideal candidates also have realistic expectations about potential vision outcomes and understand that INTACS may not fully eliminate the need for glasses or contacts.
This section describes the steps and what happens during INTACS implantation.
Before surgery, anesthetic eye drops numb the cornea’s surface, minimizing discomfort during the procedure. The eye and surrounding skin are thoroughly cleansed and draped to maintain a sterile environment.
The procedure typically follows these steps:
The entire surgery usually takes 10 to 20 minutes for each eye. It is performed as an outpatient procedure, allowing patients to go home the same day.
The procedure is mostly painless due to topical anesthesia. Some mild pressure sensations may be felt during ring insertion, but this is brief and well tolerated.
This section explains post-surgery care and healing expectations.
Vision may be blurry initially, and patients often experience mild discomfort, foreign body sensation, or light sensitivity. A protective eye shield or patch may be recommended overnight to avoid accidental eye rubbing.
Postoperative treatment typically includes antibiotic drops to prevent infection and corticosteroid drops to control inflammation. Artificial tears, such as Systane or Refresh, are recommended frequently to maintain comfort and aid healing.
Follow-ups occur the day after surgery, at one week, and one month postoperatively. These evaluations monitor wound healing, ring position, corneal curvature, and visual improvement. Additional visits may be scheduled based on individual recovery.
Patients should avoid these activities during the initial healing period:
Some vision improvement is noticeable within days, but optimal results may take several weeks to months as the cornea stabilizes. During this period, floaters or visual disturbances may occur but typically resolve.
This section highlights the potential advantages and complications of INTACS.
Many patients experience sharper vision, reduced astigmatism, and decreased dependence on glasses or contacts. The procedure can also slow keratoconus progression by improving corneal biomechanics and postponing the need for corneal transplantation.
Possible risks include infection, ring displacement or extrusion, glare and halos around lights, eye dryness, and mild corneal inflammation. Rare complications include corneal erosion, neovascularization, or infection requiring ring removal or additional surgeries.
INTACS have demonstrated safety and effectiveness over many years, but ongoing monitoring is essential to detect any changes that may necessitate intervention.
If you're considering INTACS for better vision, connect with a top ophthalmologist in your area today. They will guide you through the process and develop a personalized treatment plan to enhance your visual health.
If you are interested in INTACS, schedule a comprehensive eye examination with a qualified ophthalmologist or cornea specialist to assess suitability. A personalized treatment plan can then be developed to optimize your vision and corneal health based on your individual needs and goals.
If you're considering INTACS for better vision, connect with a top ophthalmologist in your area today. They will guide you through the process and develop a personalized treatment plan to enhance your visual health.
Discover how Intrastromal corneal ring segments (INTACS) can enhance vision for patients with keratoconus and other corneal conditions.
