Retinal Vein Occlusion can significantly impact your vision. Our experienced retina specialists are here to help diagnose and treat this condition effectively. Schedule a comprehensive eye exam today to protect your sight.
Retinal vascular occlusions are conditions in which the arteries or veins in the retina become blocked, leading to disruptions in blood flow that can affect vision. This issue is especially important because the retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eye that plays a crucial role in processing images. Our retina specialist emphasize early detection through comprehensive eye exams to preserve the quality of your sight.
Retinal vascular occlusions occur when blood flow in the vessels of the retina is partially or completely obstructed. This blockage can occur in either the veins or arteries and may result in reduced vision, blurry images, or more severe complications. Given the retina’s complex role in converting light into visual signals, any interruption in its blood supply can impair its ability to function properly.
Retinal Vein Occlusion (RVO)
Retinal vein occlusion, more common than its arterial counterpart, occurs when a vein that drains blood from the retina becomes blocked. This blockage can cause blood to back up, leading to leakage, swelling (especially in the central part called the macula), and sometimes bleeding. There are several forms of RVO, including:
Even when RVO develops gradually, the impact on your vision can be significant, and early detection is key to managing the condition effectively.
Retinal Artery Occlusion (RAO)
Retinal artery occlusion is less common but can be more severe because the arteries carry oxygen-rich blood to the retina. RAO typically presents with sudden, painless vision loss, and patients may describe a “black curtain” descending over their field of vision. There are several subtypes, including:
Because the retina is highly sensitive to oxygen deprivation, any interruption in its arterial supply is treated as a medical emergency by our retina specialist.
Complications of Retinal Vascular Occlusions
If not managed properly, retinal vascular occlusions can lead to several serious complications. It is important to understand these potential issues so that we can work together to monitor your condition closely.
Timely intervention, careful monitoring, and adherence to treatment plans can significantly reduce the risk of these complications and help maintain your vision.
Symptoms of retinal vascular occlusions can vary widely based on the type and severity of the blockage. A sudden change in vision often prompts a visit to our office, where careful examination and advanced imaging can help pinpoint the cause.
Blurred or Distorted Vision
This is a common sign, especially in RVO, where the buildup of fluid in the macula can cause images to become hazy or wavy.
Sudden Vision Loss
Patients with CRVO or CRAO may experience a rapid decrease in vision, which can occur over hours or even minutes.
Dark Spots or Floaters
The blockage may cause bleeding or fluid leakage, resulting in dark specks or lines floating across the visual field.
Eye Pain or Discomfort
While not common in every case, some patients report a sensation of pressure in the affected eye, particularly if swelling or abnormal blood vessel growth occurs.
A “Curtain-Like” Vision Loss
This descriptive symptom, often reported in cases of RAO, suggests a section of the vision is being blocked out suddenly.
Understanding these contributing factors can help both our patients and our retina specialist address the condition more effectively.
Blood Clots
Clots can form in the veins or emboli (clogging particles) can block arterial flow, leading to occlusions.
Vascular Compression
A hardened or narrowed artery from atherosclerosis can press on a neighboring vein, causing a blockage.
Underlying Health Conditions
High blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol place added stress on the blood vessels, making them more prone to blockages.
Glaucoma
Increased pressure within the eye may contribute to the development of occlusions.
Age
Retinal vascular occlusions are more prevalent in patients over 50, as blood vessels can become less flexible and more susceptible to blockage with advancing age.
Prevention and Lifestyle Considerations
Although not all cases of retinal vascular occlusions can be prevented, adopting a healthy lifestyle can reduce your risk and help manage underlying conditions that contribute to these conditions. Our retina specialist encourage patients to consider the following preventive strategies:
Diagnosing retinal vascular occlusions involves a series of tests and imaging techniques that allow our retina specialist to examine the retina in detail. Early diagnosis is vital to prevent further damage.
Dilated Eye Exam
Special eye drops are used to widen your pupils so that our retina specialist can thoroughly inspect the retina for blockages, bleeding, or swelling.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)
This non-invasive imaging test creates detailed cross-sectional images of the retina, revealing areas of thickening or fluid buildup that indicate swelling.
Fluorescein Angiography
By injecting a fluorescent dye into your bloodstream, this test captures images that show how blood flows through the retinal vessels and highlights areas of blockage or leakage.
Fundus Photography
High-resolution images of the retina are taken to track any changes over time and guide your treatment plan.
Additional Testing for RAO Cases
When retinal artery occlusion is suspected, further evaluations such as brain imaging and carotid artery ultrasound may be performed to identify related risks like stroke.
If you are experiencing any symptoms of Retinal Vein Occlusion, contact Dr. Smith at EyeCare Specialists today. Our dedicated team is committed to providing personalized treatments for your eye health. Take the first step towards protecting your vision by scheduling your appointment now!
For RVO, the primary goal of treatment is to control the complications resulting from blocked venous drainage, especially macular edema. Here’s how our retina specialist address RVO:
Anti-VEGF Injections
Medications such as Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, and Ranibizumab are injected into the eye to decrease swelling by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These agents help prevent abnormal blood vessel formation and promote improved vision. In many cases, monthly injections over a period of several months may be necessary.
Steroid Injections
When anti-VEGF therapies are not adequate, steroid injections may help reduce inflammation and swelling. Though effective, these steroids must be used under close supervision since they can raise eye pressure or increase the risk of cataracts.
Laser Therapy
Procedures such as panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) use a laser to create small burns in oxygen-deprived areas of the retina. This treatment helps reduce abnormal VEGF production, minimizing new blood vessel growth and the likelihood of bleeding.
Vitrectomy Surgery
In severe cases—especially when there is persistent bleeding or retinal detachment—a vitrectomy may be recommended. This surgery involves removing the gel-like vitreous from the eye and can help prevent further vision loss.
Managing Underlying Health Conditions
Since RVO is often linked to systemic issues like high blood pressure, diabetes, or high cholesterol, our retina specialist collaborate closely with your healthcare team to ensure these conditions are well managed.
By addressing both the retinal condition and any contributing systemic issues, the goal is to prevent further complications and safeguard your vision as much as possible.
Sudden Vision Loss
Any rapid decrease in vision, whether partial or complete, should be taken seriously.
Appearance of a Dark Curtain
If your vision seems to be covered by a dark shadow or curtain, especially in one eye, this may indicate an occlusion.
Increased Floaters or Blurriness
Noticeable changes in vision clarity, particularly when accompanied by other symptoms, should prompt a visit to our office.
Eye Pain or Pressure
Although not as frequent, painful or uncomfortable sensations in the affected eye can be a sign of complications that need immediate evaluation.
If you are experiencing any symptoms of Retinal Vein Occlusion, contact Dr. Smith at EyeCare Specialists today. Our dedicated team is committed to providing personalized treatments for your eye health. Take the first step towards protecting your vision by scheduling your appointment now!
Retinal Vein Occlusion may affect your vision. Our retina specialists offer comprehensive care to manage and treat this condition effectively.
